2-1 平家の落人　Heike no Ochudo

(1)津幡町の平谷　Heidan in Tsubata-machi

　津幡町津幡地区の通称「平谷（へいだん）」には、平知度（たいらのとものり＝平清盛の7男）の墓と伝えられている首塚が残っています。・1183（寿永2）年の源平合戦の時、平維盛（たいらのこれもり＝清盛の嫡男重盛の長男）の兵7万は倶利伽羅山に陣を取り、知度は従兄の通盛（みちも　り）とともに兵3万で志雄山（現在の宝達山から北に望む一帯の山々）に陣を取っていました。倶利伽羅峠の戦いで、維盛が木曽義仲（きそ・よしなか）に敗れたことを聞いて援軍に来た知度は、激しい戦いの末、平谷において自害したと伝えられています（津幡地区の伝説「平知度の墓・首塚」の話より引用）。源平盛衰記（げんぺいせいすいき）』29巻には、赤地錦の直垂に紫裾濃（むらさきすそご）の鎧を着け、黒鹿毛（くろかげ）の馬に乗る容貌優美な姿とともに、目じりは裂け、眉は逆さにつり上がった激しい表情で奮闘する知度の様子が描写されています。一帯の地名は「平谷」と呼ばれ、源平の戦いに敗れた平家の落武者が隠れ潜　んで生活したところと伝えられています。『加賀志徴』によると、平谷は「平家谷」と記され、集落の入口にある首塚の側には大木の松が生え、「首塚の松」と呼ばれていました。ここに住み着いた末裔は、平田、平能、平林、平村を名乗り、現在でもこの首塚を大切に守り続けています。（津幡町観光ガ　イドホームページより）

In the Tsubata district of Tsubata Town, known as “Heidan,” there remains a mound of heads that is said to be the grave of Taira no Tomonori, the seventh son of Taira no Kiyomori. During the Genpei War of 1183, 70,000 troops of Taira no Koromori (the eldest son of Kiyomori’s eldest son Shigemori) were camped on Mt.Kurikara. After hearing that Koremori had been defeated by Kiso Yoshinaka at the Battle of Kurikara Pass, Tomonori came to the aid of the army, and after a fierce battle, is said to have committed suicide in Heidan (quoted from the legend of the grave and head mound of Taira no Tomonori in the Tsubata area).
In the 29th volume of “Genpei Seisuki” (The Chronicles of the Revival and Decline of the Genpei Era), Tomonori is depicted wearing a red brocade coat and purple armor, riding a black-haired horse with a graceful appearance and a fierce expression on his face, with his eyes split open and his eyebrows raised upside down. The name of the area is “Heidan” and it is said to be the place where fallen warriors of the Heike clan who were defeated in the Genpei War hid and lived. According to the Kaga Shicho, Heidan was called “Heike Valley,” and a large pine tree grew beside the head mound at the entrance to the village, which was called “Pine of the Head Mound. The descendants who settled here took the names Hirata, Hirano, Hirabayashi, and Hiramura, and even today they continue to carefully protect this head mound. (From the Tsubata Town Tourist Guide website)

（注）平家の起源 Note: Origin of the Heike family

　「平」という名称の由来は諸説あるが、有力な説は太田亮が唱えて藤木邦彦・佐伯有清らが発展させた説で、最初の平氏であった桓武平氏の祖である桓武天皇が建設した平安京にちなんで「平（和訓:多比良）」と名づけたとするものである。

There are various theories about the origin of the name “Taira,” but the most popular theory is that it was proposed by Ryo Ota and developed by Kunihiko Fujiki, Ariyo Saeki, and others, and that the name “Taira” was derived from the Heian-kyo capital built by Emperor Kammu, the founder of the first Heike clan.

①津幡町平谷にある平知度の墓・首塚　　”Tomonori Taira,Kubi-zuka”　Grave for the war dead in Heidan,Tsubata-machi

（２）富山県南砺市五箇山 Gokayama in Nanto city, Toyama Pref.

＜平家の落ち武者の哀歓が宿る麦屋節＞ A dirge which is dwelling Mugiyabushi, was once a colony of Heike fugitives.

倶利伽羅の合戦に敗れ去った平家の武士の一部が隠遁（いんとん）したものと言われています。五箇山に残る平家落人の言い伝えはその多くが断片的で、物語として伝わるエピソードはあまりありません。五箇山が落人の里であることを今に伝える形のあるものに民謡の「麦屋節」があります。落人の平紋弥が唄い踊ったのが起源と言われています。麦屋節は平家の落人が秘境五箇山に逃げ来りし安住の地を得たが、自分たちの悲しい運命を、麻が実も結ばないで刈り取られる哀れさに託して唄ったものが今日まで受け継がれてきたという。かつて「平家にあらざるものは人にあらず」と豪語した自分たちの悲しい運命を唄に託してうたい踊ったそうです。

It is said that some of the Heike warriors who were defeated in the Battle of Kurikara went into hiding. Many of the legends of the fallen Heike warriors that remain in Gokayama are fragmentary, and there are few episodes that can be passed down as stories. The folk song “Mugiya-bushi” is a tangible reminder that Gokayama is the home of the fallen. The song is said to have originated from a song and dance performed by a fallen warrior named Monya Taira. The Mugiya-bushi was sung by the Heike warriors who fled to the unexplored region of Gokayama and found a safe haven, but their sad fate was expressed in the sadness of hemp being cut down without bearing any fruit, and the song has been handed down to this day. They used to sing and dance to express their sad fate, saying, “What is not Heike is not human.